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CROSS-BORDER REGIONS OF UKRAINE

28.02.2018 23:15

[Секція 1. Економіка, організація і управління підприємствами, галузями, комплексами]

Автор: Vasyl Kozyk, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Business Economics and Investment, Lviv Polytechnic National University; Stepan Vorobets, PhD, Docent, Docent of the Department of Business Economics and Investment, Lviv Polytechnic National University; Olha Myshchyshyn, Postgraduate Student of the Department of Business Economics and Investment, Lviv Polytechnic National University

In Ukraine, cross-border cooperation is an important component of the state regional policy, an effective tool for socio-economic development of the border regions and a powerful catalyst for European integration processes at the regional and local levels. It covers all areas of the functioning of the regions: economic, social, scientific and technical, ecological, cultural, etc. Ukraine has considerable possibilities for realization of cross-border cooperation.  

Ukraine borders on seven countries – Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova, Russia and Belarus. Total length of the Ukrainian border constitutes 6992,982 km (table 1). Ukraine is a state with high specific weight of border territories – 19 of 25 regions of Ukraine border on neighbor states. 

Table 1. State border of Ukraine




Source: systemized by authors on the basis of [1].

Bordering on land with the above mentioned countries, land segment of border constitutes 5637,982 km. The southern border of Ukraine goes by the external border of Ukrainian territorial waters. Total length of the sea border constitutes 1355 km, particularly in the Black sea – 1056,5 km, in the Azov sea – 249,5 km, along Kerch Strait – 49 km.

The perimeter of the state border of Ukraine is comprised by: Ukrainian-Russian; Ukrainian-Belarusian; Ukrainian-Romanian; Ukrainian-Moldovan; Ukrainian-Hungarian; Ukrainian-Slovak and Ukrainian-Polish cross-border regions (table 2). Apart from that, there are sea borders in the basins of the Black and the Azov seas, which determine sea cross-border regions (with Georgia, Turkey, Romania, Russia and Bulgaria). 


Table 2. Cross-border regions of Ukraine





Source: systematized by authors on the basis of [2, pp.36-37].

The most cross-border region of Ukraine by the area and the number of population is Ukrainian-Russian cross-border region although by density of population (59 ps/km2) it is surpassed by almost all cross-border regions of Ukraine, which are significantly less in the area, except for Belarusian one. The most densely populated cross-border region is Ukrainian-Hungarian, the density of population here constitutes 97 ps/km2. 

The main tasks of cross-border cooperation, based on its economic component, are the development of border areas of Ukraine and deepening of its European integration processes. For Ukraine, the strategic course on European integration and deepening of partnership with the EU stipulate the need for intensification of cross-border cooperation of the western border regions of Ukraine [3].

Given the fact that the economy of the border regions is an integral part of the transboundary economic area along the western border of Ukraine, it is necessary to take into account the importance of forming common organizational and legal forms of entrepreneurship development, in particular the operation of new forms of cross-border cooperation - cross-border clusters. Formation of clusters and their development at the cross-border level would allow local enterprises to effectively integrate into the European economic space and enter European markets.

Literature:

1. State border of Ukraine: [Electronic resource] // Wikipedia - free encyclopedia. - Access mode: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Ukraine. 

2. Mikula, N.A., Tolkovanov, V.V. 2011. Manual ‘Cross-border cooperation’. Kyiv: publishing house ‘Kramar’, 2011, 259 pp. (Ukraine).

3. NAS of Ukraine 2017. The development of cross-border cooperation: scientific and analytical report. SU ‘Institute of regional studies named after M.I. Dolishniy NAS Ukraine’; scientific editor V.S. Kravtsiv. Lviv, 2017, 89 pp. (Series ‘Problems of regional development’) (Ukraine).

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